对克拉玛依常压渣油在悬浮床加氢裂化中试装置上得到的残渣油中的固体物质进行了X射线衍射、激光拉曼光谱和X射线光电子能谱分析。对固体物质的存在形态有了较清晰的认识 :固体物质为反应过程中形成的分散型催化剂和焦炭 ;催化剂的活性态为非化学计量的金属硫化物 ,焦炭为高度缩合的稠环芳烃并有部分石墨化结构出现 ;催化剂被反应过程中生成的焦炭严密包裹 XRD, laser Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis were performed on the solid materials of the residual oil obtained from the Karamay atmospheric residue in a pilot-scale hydrocracking pilot plant. There is a clear understanding of the existing form of solid matter: the solid material is a dispersed catalyst and coke formed during the reaction; the active state of the catalyst is non-stoichiometric metal sulfide, the coke is highly condensed condensed aromatic hydrocarbon and Part of the graphitization structure appears; the catalyst is tightly wrapped by the coke generated during the reaction