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80年代末90年代初,苏联和东欧国家发生剧变。苏联解体后,东西方之间的冷战时代从此结束,世界进入后冷战时期。两个超级大国争霸世界的格局不复存在,多极化的格局取而代之。 世界格局的大变化是以和平的方式实现的。其根本原因在于苏联东欧国家在社会主义与资本主义两大体系的经济竞赛中吃了败仗。苏联解体的原因世人有不同的解释。但无论如何,以下三点显然是解体的主要原因。 第一,经济体制的功能逐渐衰竭,拖垮了苏联。
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, drastic changes took place in the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the Cold War era between East and West ended and the world entered the post-Cold War era. The pattern in which the two superpowers are hegemony over the world ceases to exist and the pattern of multipolarization is replaced by that. The great changes in the world pattern are achieved in a peaceful manner. The fundamental reason is that the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries ate defeat in the economic competition of the two systems of socialism and capitalism. The reasons for the collapse of the Soviet Union have different interpretations of the world. However, the following three points are obviously the main reasons for the disintegration. First, the function of the economic system is gradually depleted, bringing down the Soviet Union.