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马克思在《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》一文中第一次明确提出和系统阐述了他的实践观思想,在分析旧唯物主义主要缺点的基础上,把实践的观点引入认识论和历史观,创立了新唯物主义哲学,同包括旧唯物主义在内的一切旧哲学决裂。马克思在《提纲》中把实践作为区分新、旧唯物主义的根本不同点,这是马克思主义哲学史上具有重大转折意义意义的标志,因此,实践观是马克思主义哲学的逻辑前提,也是理解辩证唯物主义思想的基础。本文从实践对认识论、历史观、人的本质三个方面的意义和作用来分析实践观是马克思主义辩证唯物主义的基础这个命题,以期提供一些理解这个问题的角度。
For the first time in his article “The Outline of Feuerbach”, Marx clearly put forward and systematically expounded his idea of practical concept. On the basis of analyzing the main shortcomings of old materialism, he introduced the viewpoint of practice into epistemology and history, The new materialistic philosophy breaks with all the old philosophies, including old materialism. Marx regarded practice as the fundamental difference between the new materialism and the old materialism in the “Outline”, which is a symbol of the significance of great turning point in the history of Marxist philosophy. Therefore, the concept of practice is the logical premise of Marxist philosophy and the understanding of dialectical materialism Basis of the ideology. This paper analyzes the concept of practice as the basis of Marxist dialectical materialism from three aspects: epistemology, history view and human essence, in order to provide some perspectives for understanding this issue.