文章以我国中部湖北省A县1978～2006年的数据,分析财政支出结构的变迁,同时和国家财政支出结构进行对比,利用协整理论分析不同种类的财政支出对农民收入的长期影响。结果表明:文教卫支出和其他支出与农民收入正相关;经济建设支出和行政管理支出与农民收入负相关。 Based on the data from 1978 to 2006 in A county of Hubei province in central China, the article analyzes the changes of fiscal expenditure structure, compares with the national financial expenditure structure, and uses the cointegration theory to analyze the long-term impact of different kinds of financial expenditure on peasants’ income. The results show that the expenditures for education, education and health and other expenditures are positively correlated with the income of peasants. The expenditures for economic construction and administration are negatively related to the peasants’ income.