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Exosurf和Survanta是可用于防治早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)的表面活性剂。正常肺表面是含有磷脂和载脂蛋白A、B、C的脂蛋白混合物。磷脂可降低肺表面张力,载脂蛋白则促进表面活性剂的吸附、散布和再循环。早产儿肺表面因缺乏表面活性剂,故常发生RDS,重者还并发支气管、肺发育不全,临床试验表明,用低于预防性的剂量无治疗作用。在一项早产儿应用预防性人表面活性剂治疗的随机对照试验中,治疗组的RDS发生较少,死亡率较低,支气管、肺发育不全和气胸发生率也较低。如一次大剂量通气后用药,迅即加强了氧合和通气,死亡率和气胸发生率更见降低.
Exosurf and Survanta are surfactants that can be used to combat respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants. The normal lung surface is a mixture of lipoproteins containing phospholipids and apolipoproteins A, B, C. Phospholipids reduce lung surface tension, and apolipoproteins promote the adsorption, dispersion and recycling of surfactants. Premature children due to the lack of surfactant surface of the lungs, it often occurs RDS, severe cases also complicated by bronchial, lung hypoplasia, clinical trials show that with less than the preventive dose of no therapeutic effect. In a randomized controlled trial of prophylactic human surfactant in preterm infants, the treatment group had fewer RDS, lower mortality, and lower rates of bronchial, hypoplasia, and pneumothorax. If a large dose of ventilation after medication, and immediately strengthen the oxygenation and ventilation, mortality and pneumothorax incidence even more reduced.