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应用放射性同位素~(141)Ce、~(32)P及~(86)Rb研究了甘蔗(Saccharum officinarum L.)对稀土元素饰的吸收及其对磷、钾素(以~(86)Rb代K)吸收的影响。结果表明,甘蔗可以通过其根系或叶片吸收稀土元素铈。甘蔗对铈的吸收,在处理后第1—7天,随着时间增加而增加。处理后第7天吸收达到高峰(最大值),约为第1天吸收的2—3倍,以后缓慢下降。甘蔗植株对铈的吸收利用率仅为0.836—3.240％。铈在甘蔗各器官中的分配,喂饲根部处理表现为:根>茎>叶;涂布叶片处理表现为:叶>茎>根。300、500、800ppm的R(NO_3)_3·4H_2、Ce、La、Sm、Pr、Nd和Y的硝酸化物处理,均能提高甘蔗根系对磷(~(32)P)、铷(~(86)Rb)的吸收;而1000ppm的各种稀土元素处理则表现较明显的抑制作用。200ppm的R(NO_3)_3·4H_2·O、Ce、La、Sm、Pr、Nd及Y的硝酸化物处理能显著地提高甘蔗根系的活力,比对照提高22.33—44.54％。其中尤以Ce、La的硝酸化物及R(NO_3)_3·4H_2O为最显著。
The absorption of rare earth elements in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) and its effects on the activities of phosphorus and potassium (~ 86 Rb) were studied by radioactive isotopes (141) Ce, ~ (32) P and ~ K) the impact of absorption. The results showed that sugarcane can absorb rare earth cerium through its roots or leaves. The absorption of cerium by sugarcane increased with time after 1-7 days after treatment. Absorption reached its peak (maximum) on the 7th day after treatment, which was about 2-3 times of that absorbed on the first day, and then decreased slowly. The absorption and utilization rate of cerium in sugarcane plants was only 0.836-3.240%. The distribution of cerium in various organs of sugarcane, feeding root showed: root> stem> leaf; coated leaves showed: leaf> stem> root. Nitric acid treatment of 300, 500, 800ppm R (NO_3) _3 · 4H_2, Ce, La, Sm, Pr, Nd and Y could improve the effects of phosphorus on ) Rb) absorption; and 1000ppm of various rare earth elements showed a more significant inhibition. Nitrate treatment of 200ppm R (NO_3) _3 · 4H_2 · O, Ce, La, Sm, Pr, Nd and Y could significantly improve the root vigor of sugarcane, which was 22.33-44.54% higher than that of the control. Among them, Ce, La nitrate and R (NO_3) _3 · 4H_2O are the most prominent.