思维定势在小学数学教学过程中,有积极作用,也有消极影响。其消极影响主要表现为学生常常囿于固定思路,作出习惯性解答,抑制思维的扩散。为了克服思维定势的消极影响,在教学过程中可以运用典型题例启发、诱导学生用等量代换、假设、转化,变换思考角度等思维方法,开阔思路,提高思维的灵活性和创造性。现举例说明如下: Thinking in the process of primary school mathematics teaching has a positive effect, but also negative effects. The negative impact is mainly manifested as students are often confined to fixed ideas, to make a habitual solution to inhibit the proliferation of thinking. In order to overcome the negative influence of the mindset, we can use the typical examples to inspire the students in the process of teaching, and induce them to broaden their thinking and improve the flexibility and creativity of thinking by using the thinking methods of equal substitution, hypothesis, transformation and transformation. An example is as follows: