一、导言尽管我希望这次讲话能对大家有所帮助,但它还是很不完全的。它是我的即席发言,也许你们感兴趣的某些学派被完全遗漏了,果真如此的话,请向我提出来,我将尽可能详细地回答。自从我发现了马克思主义的价值以后,对资产阶级的人类学就不太感兴趣了,因此对这方面的书籍读得不象某些人那样多。不过在加拿大人类学和社会学协会1979年学科会议上, I. INTRODUCTION Although I hope this speech can be helpful to all, it is still quite incomplete. It is my impromptu speech, and perhaps some of the schools of your interest are completely omitted. If so, please submit it to me, and I will reply as detailedly as possible. Since I discovered the value of Marxism, I have been less interested in the anthropology of the bourgeoisie, and I have therefore not read as many books in this field than some. However, at the 1979 academic meeting of the Canadian Anthropological and Sociological Association,