目的　评价抑肽酶对缺血性脑水肿的干预作用 ,探讨其作用机制。方法　采用健康的Wistar大鼠 ,建立线栓法MCAO模型。测定各组不同时点的脑组织含水量、离子含量、水通道蛋白 4免疫表达强度、IL 8等指标的变化 ,进行抑肽酶治疗组和生理盐水对照组各指标的比较。结果　抑肽酶能够显著降低缺血性脑水肿的脑含水量、离子含量、水通道蛋白 4表达水平、IL 8的水平。结论　抑肽酶通过降低水通道蛋白 4、炎性因子IL 8的水平而预防和减轻缺血性脑水肿。 Objective To evaluate the effect of aprotinin on ischemic cerebral edema and to explore its mechanism. Methods Healthy Wistar rats were used to establish the MCAO model. The changes of water content, ion content, the expression of aquaporin 4, IL 8 and other indexes at different time points in each group were measured to compare the indexes of aprotinin group and saline control group. Results Aprotinin could significantly decrease brain water content, ion content, aquaporin-4 expression level and IL-8 level in ischemic cerebral edema. Conclusions Aprotinin can prevent and reduce ischemic cerebral edema by decreasing the level of aquaporin 4 and IL - 8.