多发性骨髓瘤是一种单细胞系浆细胞的扩散分布的恶性肿瘤,常表现为骨破坏、贫血、反复感染、高血钙和肾衰竭。由于它是从单一细胞系衍生的肿瘤,故而产生一种特异的免疫球蛋白。用简易的电泳技术能在96%左右的患者中检测出这种异常免疫球蛋白。10%以下的患者仅带有局限性浆细胞瘤或处于无痛期阶段,在这种无症状患者中,仅只由于血清蛋白升高或轻度贫血才发现这种疾患。所有呈现骨髓瘤继发性临床并发症或蛋白浓度明显增高的患者,在确诊后就需立即进行化疗。化疗开始前,要注意尽可能地控制明显感染等可逆性临床并发症。因为有高血钙症,特别是在治疗方案中经常应用皮质类甾醇,就更不能延误治疗。除了脊髓受压或长骨骨折必须立即进行局部放射治疗外,对其他出现骨痛的患者,在考虑局部放射治疗前,至少宜进行一个疗程的化疗以减轻全身性病状。连续测定血清的骨髓瘤蛋白浓度和/或排 Multiple myeloma is a malignant tumor of single cell plasma cell proliferation distribution, often manifested as bone destruction, anemia, recurrent infection, hypercalcemia and renal failure. Because it is a tumor derived from a single cell line, it produces a specific immunoglobulin. This unusual immunoglobulin is detected in about 96% of patients using simple electrophoresis. Less than 10% of patients with localized plasmacytoma or in the painless phase, in which patients with only as a result of elevated serum albumin or mild anemia was found in this disorder. All patients with secondary clinical complications or elevated protein concentrations presenting with myeloma require immediate chemotherapy after diagnosis. Before chemotherapy begins, pay attention to control reversible clinical complications such as obvious infection as much as possible. Because of hypercalcemia, especially in the treatment of corticosteroids often used, it is even more delay treatment. In addition to spinal cord compression or long bone fractures must be local radiation therapy, other patients with bone pain, consider the local radiation therapy, at least one course of chemotherapy should be carried out to reduce systemic symptoms. Serial determination of serum myeloma protein concentration and / or row