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自5.12汶川地震至2009年5月一年的时间内,作者通过对汶川地震灾区的16次调查,获得了桥梁震害的第一手资料。该文首先对汶川地震、九江-瑞昌地震以及唐山大地震暴露出的关于地震区划图的问题进行探讨,结果表明在我国地震区划图标示为低震区内多次发生强烈地震,建议工程师与科研人员正确认识和使用区划图;并通过对比美国、日本以及我国地震区划图,提出我国地震动区划图的发展趋势及编制多水准地震动区划图的必要性;然后,结合汶川地震后对公路交通系统的调查,研究了地震灾区不同场地条件下桥型的抗震性能,讨论了概念设计与抗震构造措施对桥梁抗震的重要性,同时探讨了桥梁结构的抗震设防标准问题;最后总结汶川地震给我国公路桥梁抗震带来的经验与教训,针对地震动区划图、桥梁抗震性能的评价、设计与研究提出意见。
From the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake to one year in May 2009, the author obtained first-hand information on the seismic damage of bridges through 16 surveys of the Wenchuan earthquake-stricken area. This paper first discusses the problems of the earthquake zonation revealed by the Wenchuan earthquake, the Jiujiang-Ruichang earthquake and the Tangshan earthquake. The results show that in our country, the zoning map indicates that there are many earthquakes in the low earthquake zone. It is suggested that the Scientific research personnel correctly understand and use the zoning map; and by comparing the United States, Japan and China’s seismic zoning map, put forward the development trend of zoning map of China and the necessity of compiling zoning map of multi-level seismic zoning; then, combining with the Wenchuan earthquake, Traffic system, the paper studies the seismic performance of bridges under different site conditions in earthquake-stricken areas, discusses the importance of conceptual design and seismic design measures to the anti-seismic of the bridge, and discusses the seismic fortification standards of bridge structures. Finally, The experiences and lessons brought by the earthquake-proofing of highway bridges in China, and put forward opinions on the seismic zoning map, the evaluation, design and research of bridge seismic performance.