【摘 要】
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Esophageal cancer(EC)is one of the most common cancers with high morbidity and mor-tality rates.EC includes two histological subtypes,namely esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)and esophageal adenocarcinoma(EAC).ESCC primarily occurs in East Asia,wher
【机 构】
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Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Peking Union Medical Colleg
论文部分内容阅读
Esophageal cancer(EC)is one of the most common cancers with high morbidity and mor-tality rates.EC includes two histological subtypes,namely esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)and esophageal adenocarcinoma(EAC).ESCC primarily occurs in East Asia,whereas EAC occurs in Western countries.The currently available treatment strategies for EC include surgery,chemotherapy,ra-diation therapy,molecular targeted therapy,and combinations thereof.However,the prognosis remains poor,and the overall five-year survival rate is very low.Therefore,achieving the goal of effective treat-ment remains challenging.In this review,we discuss the latest developments in chemotherapy and mo-lecular targeted therapy for EC,and comprehensively analyze the application prospects and existing problems of immunotherapy.Collectively,this review aims to provide a better understanding of the currently available drugs through in-depth analysis,promote the development of new therapeutic agents,and eventually improve the treatment outcomes of patients with EC.
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