论文部分内容阅读
目的对比分析超声引导技术和常规解剖定位技术在婴幼儿深静脉穿刺置管术中的成功率和并发症,探讨超声引导技术在婴幼儿深静脉穿刺术中的临床应用。方法选取本院2013年1月—2015年1月择期行手术治疗的婴幼儿100例,年龄2 d~12个月,体质量2.0~9.8 kg,身长44.7~85.0 cm,按照随机数字表法将所有患儿随机分为两组:对照组(n=50)和研究组(n=50)。对照组患儿采用超声引导技术进行深静脉穿刺置管术;研究组患儿采用常规解剖定位技术进行深静脉穿刺置管术。分别记录两组患儿的穿刺时间、一次穿刺成功率、总穿刺成功率和误伤动脉、穿刺部位血肿、置管困难、血胸及气胸等并发症的发生率。结果与对照组比较,研究组穿刺时间明显缩短(P<0.05)。研究组穿刺总成功率、一次性成功率亦明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组有10例误伤动脉,8例有穿刺部位血肿,7例有置管困难,而研究组仅有1例误伤动脉,研究组穿刺并发症的总发生率2.0%明显低于对照组的50.0%(P<0.05)。结论超声引导技术应用于婴幼儿深静脉术中,有助于提高穿刺置管成功率,且穿刺时间较短,可避免多次穿刺,降低并发症的发生率。
Objective To compare and analyze the success rate and complications of ultrasound-guided technique and conventional anatomical technique in the treatment of pediatric deep venous catheterization, and to explore the clinical application of ultrasound-guided technique in infantile deep vein puncture. Methods A total of 100 infants and young children undergoing elective surgery from January 2013 to January 2015 in our hospital were selected, ranging in age from 2 days to 12 months. The body mass ranged from 2.0 to 9.8 kg and the body length ranged from 44.7 to 85.0 cm. According to the random number table All children were randomly divided into two groups: control group (n = 50) and study group (n = 50). Children in the control group were treated by deep vein catheterization with ultrasound guided technique. The children in the study group were treated by deep-vein catheterization using conventional anatomic techniques. The incidence of complications such as puncture time, primary puncture success rate, total puncture success rate, accidental injury arteries, puncture site hematoma, catheterization difficulties, hemothorax and pneumothorax were recorded respectively. Results Compared with the control group, the puncture time of the study group was significantly shorter (P <0.05). The success rate of puncture assembly in study group was also significantly higher than that in control group (P <0.05). In the control group, 10 cases were accidentally injured arteries, 8 cases had puncture site hematoma, 7 cases had difficulty in catheterization, while only 1 case had arterial injury in study group. The total incidence of puncture complication in study group was 2.0% which was significantly lower than that in control group % (P <0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound-guided technique can be used in infants and young children with deep venous catheterization. It helps to improve the success rate of puncture and catheterization and has a short puncture time, which can avoid multiple punctures and reduce the incidence of complications.