近几年对三聚氰胺毒性的研究越来越得到重视。一般认为三聚氰胺生物学效应的主要靶器官是泌尿系统,中毒机制是肾衰。然而已有更多的研究表明三聚氰胺存在其它的生物学作用,但三聚氰胺的毒性机制尚未被完全阐明。众所周知,哺乳动物胎儿期和婴幼儿期是神经系统发育的关键阶段。三聚氰胺能够通过胎盘及血脑屏障对胎儿中枢神经系统产生毒性作用,并可能导致认知功能损伤。本文综述了近年来三聚氰胺对中枢神经系统毒性研究的相关报道,为进一步了解三聚氰胺对婴幼儿的危害,特别是对中枢神经系统的影响提供实验结果。 In recent years, the toxicity of melamine research more and more attention. Generally believed that the main target organ of melamine biological effects is the urinary system, poisoning mechanism is renal failure. However, more studies have shown that there are other biological effects of melamine, but the mechanism of toxicity of melamine has not yet been fully elucidated. It is well known that mammalian fetus and infancy are key stages of nervous system development. Melamine can cause toxic effects on the central nervous system of the fetus through the placenta and blood-brain barrier, and may lead to cognitive impairment. This review summarizes the reports on the toxicity of melamine to the CNS in recent years and provides experimental results for further understanding the harm of melamine to infants and young children, especially to the central nervous system.