职业教育,作为俄罗斯整个教育体系中一个重要组成部分,也由于市场经济体制的逐步建立,正经受着巨大的冲击和影响,进行着艰巨的改革。1993年初,俄罗斯联邦共有4269所职业技术学校,共中3841所为全日制的正规学校,在校生177325人。在1992年度,各类职业技术学校还为100多万工人提供了培训,其中为25万在职工人进行了再培训。经过培训后的工人在其工作岗位上有了较强的适应性,成为俄罗斯工人中的一支中坚力量。目前俄罗斯的职业教育主要由以下机构予以实施:1.多功能的培训中心;2.为在职工人提供的各类短期培训; 3.中等职业技术学校;4.高等职业技术学校;5.工 Vocational education, as an important part of the entire education system in Russia, is undergoing tremendous reforms and has undergone tremendous changes due to the gradual establishment of a market economy. In early 1993, there were 4,269 vocational and technical schools in the Russian Federation, of which 3841 were full-time regular schools and 177,325 were in school. In 1992, various vocational and technical schools also provided training to over 1 million workers, of whom 250,000 were re-trained. The trained workers have a strong adaptability in their jobs and become a backbone of Russian workers. At present, vocational education in Russia is mainly implemented by the following agencies: 1. Multi-functional training center; 2. Various types of short-term training for working staff; 3. Secondary vocational and technical schools; 4. Higher vocational and technical schools;