对X线钡餐检查漏误诊的23例贲门癌患者进行回顾性分析。结果表明，早期癌和微小癌容易漏诊，其检查方法不当、检查者经验不足及贲门解剖与生理特殊性是重要原因；误诊见于进展期癌，与对X线表现认识不足有关，少数为不典型病例。文中探讨了减少漏误诊的几点措施。 A retrospective analysis was performed on 23 patients with cardiac cancer who were misdiagnosed by X-ray barium meal examination. The results showed that early and small cancers were easily missed. The improper examination methods, lack of inexperience of the examiners, and anatomical and physiological specificity of the cardia were important causes. Misdiagnosis was found in advanced cancer and was related to insufficient understanding of X-ray findings. A few were not typical. Cases. The article discusses several measures to reduce misdiagnosis.