目的探讨儿童增殖体肥大的CT征象与临床应用意义。方法总结并分析我院78例儿童增殖体肥大的CT图像及临床表现,测量鼻咽腔大小及后壁软组织厚度,计算腺样体指数。结果儿童增殖体肥大的CT征象为:鼻咽顶后壁对称性增厚,可形成肿块致气道狭窄,软组织块影密度均匀,腺样体指数≥0.70。咽隐窝及咽鼓管咽口多数隐约可见,少数显示不清,咽旁间隙清晰,邻近骨质无破坏,后鼻孔不同程度受阻塞,中重度合多并鼻窦炎、中耳炎等并发症。临床上以睡眠打鼾、鼻塞流涕、呼吸困难、中耳炎及听力下降为主。结论CT检查是儿童腺样体增生肥大及并发症诊断的重要手段,在鉴别诊断和临床应用上有重要价值。 Objective To investigate the CT signs and clinical significance of proliferative body hypertrophy in children. Methods The CT images and clinical manifestations of 78 children with hypertrophy in our hospital were summarized and analyzed. The sizes of the nasopharynx and the soft tissue of the posterior wall were measured and the adenoid index was calculated. Results The CT signs of hypertrophy in children were as follows: the symmetry of nasopharyngeal posterior wall was thickened, the stenosis of airway was formed, the density of soft tissue mass was uniform, and the index of adenoid index was ≥0.70. Pharyngeal crypts and eustachian tube pharynx mouth most of the vaguely visible, a few showed unclear, parapharyngeal space clear, adjacent to the bone without damage, after varying degrees of obstruction of the nose, moderate and severe combined sinusitis, otitis media and other complications. Clinically to sleep snoring, stuffy nose runny nose, breathing difficulties, otitis media and hearing loss mainly. Conclusion CT examination is an important method for diagnosis of adenoid hyperplasia and complications in children, and has important value in differential diagnosis and clinical application.