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对渭一库河三角洲绿洲的主要农作物需水量为研究对象,采用FAO-PM公式,主要农作物不同灌溉方式的需水量进行计算及统计分析。结果显示:主要农作物的传统灌溉总用水量为44.66亿m3,节水灌溉定额总需水量只有为11亿m3,传统灌溉总用水量比节水灌溉定额总需水量大约4.06倍多(33.03亿m3),导致农业用水浪费严重;在渭-库河三角洲绿洲大部分农田仍然采用粗放的大水漫灌和宽河大渠输水的灌溉方式为主,因此,通过采用滴灌、膜上滴灌、膜下滴灌和喷灌等高效节水灌溉技术,可以增加节约水量,并达到农业节水灌溉的目的,这表明可挖节水灌溉潜力相当大。研究对渭一库河三角洲绿洲水资可持续利用提供经验和技术保障,并提出高效节水灌溉的新思路、新方法、新举措,为渭-库河绿洲发展高效节水灌溉农业提供科学依据。
The main crop water demand in the oasis of Weihe River Delta was studied, and the calculation and statistical analysis were carried out by using the formula of FAO-PM and the demand of main crops under different irrigation modes. The results showed that the total amount of water used for traditional irrigation was 4.466 billion m3, the total water demand for water-saving irrigation was only 1.1 billion m3, and the total amount of water used for traditional irrigation was 4.06 times more than that of water-saving irrigation (3.303 billion m3 ), Leading to serious waste of agricultural water; most of the farmland in the Weihe-Kuhe delta is still dominated by extensive flood irrigation and irrigation with wide-channel ditches. Therefore, by using drip irrigation, drip irrigation, Drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation and other efficient water-saving irrigation techniques can increase water savings and achieve the purpose of agricultural water-saving irrigation, indicating that there is considerable potential for water-saving irrigation. The research will provide experience and technical support for the sustainable utilization of water resources in the oasis of the Weihe River delta and propose new ideas, new methods and measures for efficient water-saving irrigation and provide scientific basis for the development of efficient water-saving irrigated agriculture in the Weihe-Kuhe Oasis .