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自从磺胺类药物问世以来,由于这类药物对多种致病菌有制菌及杀菌作用,已被广泛应用于多种疾病治疗,而磺胺类药物的中毒现象也随之在临床上时有发现,只是中毒程度和种类有所差异而已。对肾脏方面的损害是其中最常见也是最严重的现象之一。磺胺类药物引起泌尿系症状有三种情况:(一)因引起急性溶血性贫血(如氨苯磺胺)而招致肾功能衰竭。(二)对肾实质有直接毒性作用(如磺胺嘧啶)。(三)磺胺结晶沉积于肾小管、肾小盏、肾盂及输尿管,影响尿路通畅(如磺胺嘧啶,磺胺噻唑等)。
Since the advent of sulfa drugs, these drugs have been widely used in the treatment of various diseases because of their bacteriostasis and bactericidal activity against a variety of pathogens, and the poisoning of sulfonamides has also been clinically discovered , Only the degree of poisoning and the type of difference only. Kidney damage is one of the most common and most serious of the phenomenon. Sulfa drugs cause urinary symptoms in three cases: (A) caused by acute hemolytic anemia (such as sulfonamides) and lead to renal failure. (B) of the renal parenchyma has a direct toxic effect (such as sulfadiazine). (C) sulfonamide crystals deposited in the tubules, small calyx, renal pelvis and ureter, affecting the urinary tract patency (such as sulfadiazine, sulfathiazole, etc.).