政府部门、事业单位及大型国企等体制内单位是目前中国年轻人求职的热门。基于其竞争激烈程度和高门槛,个人的家庭背景特别是父母的职业背景以及由此形成的社会资本,可能对体制内单位求职和职位晋升产生影响。本文利用CHNS调查数据研究发现:中国体制内单位就业中存在着明显的职业代际传递现象,体制内职工的子女更可能获得体制内就业机会;且这种代际传递呈现出部门独立性,政府部门、事业单位和国有企业间并不存在交叉代际传递;在职位方面也存在着明显的代际传递性,领导及高级专业人才的子女比普通家庭子女更容易获得晋升机会。 Government departments, public institutions and large state-owned enterprises and other institutional units are currently hot jobs for young people in China. Owing to their high degree of competition and high thresholds, personal family backgrounds, especially those of parents, and the resulting social capital may have an impact on job search and promotion of positions within the system. Based on the CHNS survey data, this study finds that there is a clear phenomenon of intergenerational transfer of employment among units within the Chinese system, and that children of workers within the system are more likely to obtain employment opportunities within the system. This generational transfer shows the independence of departments and the government There is no cross-generational transmission among departments, public institutions and state-owned enterprises; there is also a clear intergenerational transmission of positions and children of leaders and senior professionals are more likely to have promotion opportunities than ordinary children of families.