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近来,已明确了心跳骤停、头部外伤所引起的脑局部缺血性损害,并不在缺血当时即刻发生,而是在缺血后几小时才发生;因此,这种损害是可预防的。特别是对有危及脑循环的颈动脉手术,脑血管手术、心脏手术等,可选取保护性措施。低温虽已被采用,但对脑动脉瘤手术,可因发生严重的脑血管痉挛而引起脑局部缺血和继发脑水肿,所以单用低温仍不能解决问题。早在1951年就已知道巴比妥酸盐有降低大脑氧的消耗量(CMRO_2)和减少脑血流(CBF)的作用;但还未确定它对脑局部缺血的保护作用是否仅是通过降低脑的代谢。因氟烷也有降低 CMRO_2作用,但却反使脑局部缺血所引起的脑水肿和脑栓塞病变
Recently, it has been clarified that cardiac arrest, cerebral ischemic damage caused by head trauma, does not occur immediately at the time of ischemia but only a few hours after ischemia; therefore, such damage is preventable . In particular, endangering the cerebral circulation of carotid surgery, cerebrovascular surgery, cardiac surgery, etc., can choose protective measures. Although hypothermia has been used, cerebral aneurysm surgery can cause cerebral ischemia and secondary brain edema due to severe cerebral vasospasm, so low temperature alone can not solve the problem. As early as 1951, barbiturates have been shown to reduce cerebral oxygen consumption (CMRO_2) and reduce cerebral blood flow (CBF); however, it has not yet been determined whether its protective effect on cerebral ischemia is only mediated by Reduce brain metabolism. Due to halothane also reduce the role of CMRO_2, but the brain ischemia caused by cerebral edema and cerebral embolism