引言目前,在堤坝和边坡稳定分析方面具有两个基本途径,一个是极限平衡方法,另一个是应力应变分析方法。随着有限单元的出现,对于给出的一定特性材料和横断面的堤坝或边坡,通过计算其结构内部的应力、应变来分析给定断面的变形和稳定问题,不再是很困难的了。然而,使用这种复杂的方法需要输入精度很高的数据,否则,从这样的分析中所得出的结论也象输入数据本身一样值得怀疑。对一个设计人员来讲,必须首先根据室内各种试验,确定土的性质,然后把堤坝边坡的横断面确定下来,这样,有限单元法的应用就变得不太经济合算了。另一方面,那些以极限平衡理论为基础的简单方法,即使不能给出在应力作用下结构的变形图 INTRODUCTION At present, there are two basic approaches to stability analysis of dams and slopes. One is the limit equilibrium method and the other is the stress-strain analysis method. With the advent of finite elements, it is no longer difficult to analyze the deformation and stability problems of a given section by calculating the stress and strain within the structure of a given embankment or slope. . However, using such a complex method requires inputting high-precision data. Otherwise, the conclusions drawn from such an analysis are just as doubtful as the input data itself. For a designer, the nature of the soil must first be determined based on various tests in the room, and then the cross section of the bank slope should be determined. Thus, the application of the finite element method becomes less economical. On the other hand, those simple methods based on the theory of limit equilibrium, even if they cannot give the deformation map of the structure under stress