对６８例胎膜早破、临产后破膜及胎膜未破的孕产妇，在剖宫产术中取羊水及脐血作厌氧菌培养。结果：普通培养（＋）１５例次，厌氧培养（＋）２０例次，阳性结果在胎膜早破组和临产破膜组比较无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；两破膜组与胎膜未破组比较有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．００１）；感染组与非感染组比较，前者破膜距手术时间较后者明显延长（Ｐ＜０．００１）。胎膜未破组也有阳性结果出现。认为：①产科感染中厌氧菌感染占半数以上；②破膜后应尽快结束分娩可减少感染；③剖宫产术后可酌情应用抗生素和甲硝唑。 68 cases of premature rupture of membranes, rupture of membranes after labor and unmarried pregnant women in the cesarean section to take amniotic fluid and cord blood for anaerobic culture. Results: There were no significant differences in 15 cases of normal culture (+) and 20 cases of anaerobic culture (+) in the group of premature rupture of membranes and labor rupture of membranes (P> 0.05) (P <0.001). Compared with non-infected group, the former time of rupture of membrane was significantly longer than the latter (P <0.001). Membrane unruptured group also have positive results appear. That: ① obstetric infection in anaerobic infections accounted for more than half; ② rupture of membranes should be completed as soon as possible after delivery can reduce infection; ③ cesarean section after the appropriate use of antibiotics and metronidazole.