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目的:探讨严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)在医院聚集发病的原因及应对措施。方法:对全市感染SARS的医务人员和我市部分未患SARS的医务人员(对照),用病例对照的方法分析可能影响因素。结果:发病的影响因素中OR>1且P<0.05的因素包括:接触SARS患者、被接触患者症状严重及接触患者分泌物;OR<1且P<0.05的有:规范使用标准防护用品、二级防护方式、良好的心理状况及吸烟。结论:接触患者时规范使用标准防护用品可以有效预防该病,SARS的主要传染源是临床重症患者,接触患者分泌物增加了感染危险。心理和工作压力是导致发病的促加因素。
Objective: To investigate the causes and countermeasures of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in hospital. Methods: A case-control study was conducted on the possible influencing factors on medical staffs infected with SARS in the whole city and some medical staff not receiving SARS in our city (control). Results: The incidence of factors OR> 1 and P <0.05 factors include: contact with SARS patients, contact with patients with severe symptoms and contact with patient secretions; OR <1 and P <0.05 are: the standard use of standard protective equipment, Level of protection, good psychological condition and smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Standardized use of standard protective equipment in contact with patients can effectively prevent the disease. The main source of SARS infection is in critically ill patients. Exposure to patient secretions increases the risk of infection. Psychological and work stress are contributing factors.