广义的地壳形变包括大面积的形变(由大面积水准和测距等测得的地形变)和定点形变(例如倾斜仪等仪器所显示的地形变)两大类。多年来的观测结果表明这两类形变信息特征有很大差异。这种差异可能与监测系统的精度和观测周期不同有关,也可能与它们受到不同的场地因素影响有关。随着观测技术的发展,近年来出现了短水准、短基 The generalized crustal deformation includes two major categories of deformation (large deformations, ranging, etc.) and fixed deformation (such as deformations displayed by instruments such as inclinometers). Observations over the years show that there are large differences in the characteristics of these two types of deformation information. This discrepancy may be related to the accuracy of the monitoring system and the observation cycle, and may also be related to their impact on different site factors. With the development of observational techniques, short levels and short bases have emerged in recent years