巨核细胞(MKs)因其形态及细胞核较大而于1890年被首次命名。MKs仅占整个骨髓细胞成份的0.37％,它的大小、形态及染色体倍体随疾病的不同而变化较大,用一般方法难以对其进行大量、精确的分析。最近十几年,随着流式细胞术、免疫及基因克隆等技术的应用,人们得以对大量的、不同增生程度的巨核细胞进行快速、准确的分析。 Megakaryocytes (MKs) were first named in 1890 due to their larger morphology and larger nuclei. MKs accounted for only 0.37% of the total bone marrow cells, its size, morphology and chromosome ploidy vary widely with the disease, the general method is difficult to conduct a large amount of accurate analysis. In recent ten years, with the application of techniques such as flow cytometry, immunization and gene cloning, people can rapidly and accurately analyze a large number of different proliferating megakaryocytes.