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在矿物加工及水处理和水再利用中使用的常规浮选法和非常规浮选法目前在矿业中也得到迅速推广应用。应用微气泡(30~100μm)的常规浮选法可以用来浮选回收细矿物颗粒(<30μm)。应用这些微气泡也可以对固液进行分离,以除去水中的污染物。联合应用小气泡和大气泡的浮选机可以改进分选指标,特别是分离超细颗粒(<5μm)。随着气泡尺寸的减小(通过喷射产生小的气泡),气泡表面积通流增大,捕俘的细颗粒增多。应用微气泡的DAF(溶解气体浮选)法多年来已经在水、废水和市政污水处理中得到了应用,现在逐步应用到矿山环境工程领域中。这个方法在很多情况下优于沉淀法、过滤法和应用天然或人造吸附剂的吸附法。该法的目的是除去油滴(乳浊状的和非乳浊状的)、离子(重金属离子或阴离子)和水处理中形成的沉淀。该法的优点是处理过的水质量高、启动快、处理能力大、得到的泥浆浓度高。用DAF法还可以用于处理矿山卡车冲洗水、矿山酸性排水和固液分离水。本文评述了DAF法在回收细粒矿物和除去矿山废水中的污染物方面的新应用。重点叙述了DAF设备的设计特点。
Conventional flotation and unconventional flotation methods used in mineral processing and water treatment and water reuse are also rapidly being promoted in the mining industry. Conventional flotation methods using microbubbles (30-100 μm) can be used to recover fine mineral particles (<30 μm) by flotation. The use of these microbubbles can also separate solid and liquid to remove contaminants in the water. Flotation machines that combine the use of small bubbles and large bubbles can improve sorting criteria, especially the separation of ultrafine particles (<5μm). As the bubble size decreases (small bubbles are created by injection) the bubble surface area increases through-flow and the trapped fine particles increase. The DAF (dissolved gas flotation) method using microbubbles has been used in water, wastewater and municipal wastewater treatment for many years and is now gradually applied to the field of mine environmental engineering. This method is in many cases superior to precipitation, filtration and adsorption using natural or artificial adsorbents. The purpose of this method is to remove oil droplets (opaque and non-opaque), ions (heavy metal ions or anions) and precipitates formed in water treatment. The advantage of this method is that the treated water has high quality, quick start-up, large processing capacity and high concentration of mud. With the DAF method can also be used to deal with mining truck washing water, acid drainage and solid-liquid separation of water mine. This paper reviews the new application of the DAF method in the recovery of fine-grained minerals and the removal of pollutants in mine waste water. Described in detail the design features of DAF equipment.