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疾病是大家经常关心的大事情。这是因为某些疾病可以导致人类丧失宝贵的生命。这一点,无论东方与西方,过去与现代都没有任何改变。疾病的历史,可以视之为人类历史的主要内容之一。但是,因何种疾病而导致失去生命,却因时代与地域而异。环境的变化会给人造成很大的影响。而这并非自然与人的静态关系,也存在着由于人的能动劳作活动造成(以农业的土地开发为典型事例)的动态关系,比如疟疾和日本血吸虫病这类感染症的流行。这类疫病可称为“开发原病”。此外,城市化和工业化也是环境变化的因素之一。城市化和工业化使得人的生活形态发生巨大变化,这成为结核等感染症蔓延的原因。正是基于此,疾病就成了反映历史进程的指标之一。
Disease is a big concern that everyone often cares about. This is because certain diseases can lead to loss of precious human life. This point, no matter the East and the West, the past and the modern have not changed. The history of the disease can be regarded as one of the main contents of human history. However, due to what kind of disease caused by the loss of life, but because of the times and regions vary. Changes in the environment can have a huge impact. This is not the static relationship between nature and human beings. There is also a dynamic relationship caused by human activities (typical examples of agricultural land development) such as the epidemic of infectious diseases such as malaria and schistosomiasis japonica. Such diseases can be called “the original disease development.” In addition, urbanization and industrialization are also factors of environmental change. Urbanization and industrialization make great changes in human life forms, which became the reason for the spread of tuberculosis and other infectious diseases. It is on this basis that disease has become one of the indicators reflecting the historical process.