路易·阿尔都塞(Louis Althusser)是当代法国著名的研究马克思主义的理论家,是“结构主义马克思主义”的重要代表.他1939年考入法国国立高等师范学校,不久便应征入伍.在与德国法西斯侵略军的战斗中不幸被俘,在战俘集中营里监禁了五年之久.在这期间,他接触了法国共产党,开始信仰马克思主义,1948年成为法共党员.战后年代,正当阿尔都塞在法国理论界崭露头角时,由于苏共“二十大”对所谓“斯大林主 Louis Althusser, a well-known contemporary Marxist theoretician in France and an important representative of “structuralist Marxism,” was enrolled in the French National Higher Normal School in 1939, During the battle of the German fascist aggressors, he was unfortunately taken prisoner and imprisoned for five years in a prison camp in which prisoners of war were held. During this period, he contacted the French Communist Party and began to believe in Marxism and became a member of the French Communist Party in 1948. In the postwar era, In the forefront of the French theory, both the Soviet Union and the Twentieth Congress called the so-called "Stalinist