肿瘤转移是抗癌治疗失败和患者死亡的主要原因。一般认为 ,恶性肿瘤的侵袭转移包括以下步骤 :肿瘤细胞与正常细胞、细胞外基质 (ECM)粘附 ;合成 ,释放多种蛋白水解酶降解所粘附的组织 ;肿瘤细胞向纵深或远处运动 ;着床的瘤细胞释放多种因子促进新生血管形成 ;逃避宿主免疫攻击 Tumor metastasis is the main reason for failure of anti-cancer treatment and death of patients. It is generally believed that the invasion and metastasis of malignant tumors includes the following steps: adhesion of tumor cells to normal cells and extracellular matrix (ECM); synthesis, release of proteolytic enzymes to release the adhered tissue; tumor cells moving in depth or distance Implanted tumor cells release multiple factors to promote neovascularization; escape host immune attack