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目的了解宁波市中学生的失眠状况以及影响因素,为改善学生睡眠状况提供参考。方法通过分层整群随机抽样方法,以学生自评的方式,使用失眠严重程度指数量表(ISI),对宁波市4所中学的3 932名学生进行问卷调查。结果 ISI平均得分为(5.2±4.3)分,存在失眠的有993人(25.3%),其中轻度失眠838人(21.3%),中度失眠136人(3.5%),重度失眠19人(0.5%)。失眠症状主要为入睡困难(161人,4.1%)和早醒(148人,3.8%)。男女生失眠发生率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=3.785,P>0.05),高二(40.8%)、高一(37.2%)以及初三(40.7%)学生的失眠发生率明显高于初一(17.7%)、初二(24.4%)学生(χ~2=175.200,P<0.05)。失眠严重程度在年龄、是否午睡、体质量指数(BMI)、打鼾情况、是否寄宿、饮酒情况、是否独生、健康状况、学习压力、对学习兴趣、父母亲受教育水平以及家庭月收入方面差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄越大(OR=1.578)、学习压力越大(OR=0.822)的中学生,失眠发生的可能性就越大。结论中学生失眠现象较为普遍,且年龄和学习压力是主要影响因素。可从减轻学习负担入手对中学生失眠进行干预。
Objective To understand the insomnia status and influencing factors of middle school students in Ningbo and to provide reference for improving the students’ sleep status. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 3 932 students from 4 middle schools in Ningbo using stratified cluster random sampling method and self-assessment by students, using the ISI scale. Results The average score of ISI was (5.2 ± 4.3) points, there were 993 (25.3%) insomnia, including 838 mild insomnia (21.3%), moderate insomnia (3.5%), severe insomnia %). The main symptoms of insomnia were difficulty falling asleep (161, 4.1%) and early awakening (148, 3.8%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of insomnia between boys and girls (χ ~ 2 = 3.785, P> 0.05). The incidence of insomnia in sophomore (40.8%), sophomore (37.2% One (17.7%), two (24.4%) students (χ ~ 2 = 175.200, P <0.05). The severity of insomnia varies with age, napping, body mass index (BMI), snoring, boarding, drinking, childbearing, health status, study stress, interest in learning, parental education, and family monthly income All were statistically significant (P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the higher the age (OR = 1.578), the greater the learning pressure (OR = 0.822), the higher the likelihood of insomnia. Conclusions Insomnia in middle school students is more common, and age and learning pressure are the main influencing factors. Can reduce the learning burden to begin to intervene secondary school insomnia.