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目的:探讨妊娠期全反式维甲酸(atRA)摄入对胎鼠颅颌面部发育的影响。方法:C57BL孕鼠随机分成4组(n=5)妊娠第10天,实验组分别给予60、80、100 mg/kg atRA)灌胃1次,对照组给予相同剂量的玉米油灌胃。第19天取胚胎,记录基本情况取胎鼠头作头颅软组织侧貌分析拍摄X线片作颅颌面部骨骼测量。结果:RA≥80 mg/kg的2个实验组胎鼠体重减轻、体长缩短,出现明显颅颌面部畸形,畸胎率随RA剂量增高而升高。100 mg/kg组胎鼠下颌体(BD)缩短,上颌骨(∠NAK)、下颌骨(∠NBD)后缩(P<0.01);∠SNG则大于对照组(P<0.01)。X线头影测量发现:维甲酸各剂量组胎鼠颅颌面部矢状向缩短(Op-Rh)(P<0.01);维甲酸≥80 mg/kg的2个实验组胎鼠的颅穹窿长度(Pa-Na)和高度(Fp-Os)均小于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:维甲酸剂量依赖性抑制颅颌面部骨骼发育。
Objective: To investigate the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (ATA) during pregnancy on the development of cranio-maxillofacial region in fetal rats. Methods: Pregnant C57BL mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 5) on the 10th day of gestation. The experimental groups were given 60,80,100 mg / kg atRA once, respectively. The control group was given the same dose of corn oil. The fetus was taken on the 19th day, and the basic condition was recorded. Fetal head was taken as the analysis of the skull soft tissue profile. The X-ray film was taken for cranial and maxillofacial bone measurement. Results: Fetal rats in two experimental groups with RA≥80 mg / kg had reduced body weight, shortened body length, and had obvious craniomaxillofacial deformities. The rate of teratogenicity increased with the increase of RA dosage. The mandibular body (BD) of the 100 mg / kg group was shortened, the maxilla (∠NAK) and mandible (∠NBD) were contracted (P <0.01), while the ∠SNG was larger than that of the control group (P <0.01). The X-cephalometry showed that the cranial and maxillofacial regions of the fetus in each dose of retinoic acid were shortened (Op-Rh) (P <0.01), and the length of the cranial vault of the fetal rats in two experimental groups with retinoic acid≥80 mg / kg (Pa-Na) and height (Fp-Os) were lower than the control group (P <0.05, P <0.01). Conclusion: Retinoic acid inhibits skeletal development of the craniomaxillofacial region in a dose - dependent manner.