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一、起源 德国国家责任的发端可追溯到十八世纪。那时这种观点赢得了支持;国家不仅是主权的享有者,也是财产或财政权利的享有者。这一区分开创了这种可能性;如果纠纷仅涉及财政事务,可以向普通法院对国家提起求偿诉讼;另一方面根据自然法的影响,成为正当法律权利上“受害人”的公民有权请求保护。这一理论在1790年《普鲁士基本法》第75条中规定下来:“……国家应当保护因公共利益而强制牺牲其特殊利益的人。”可以看出非法行为或过错在以前或那时都不需要,这里也没有任何责任上的限制。
First, the origin Germany's responsibility of origin can be traced back to the eighteenth century. At that time this view won the support; the state was not only the owner of sovereignty, but also the holder of property or fiscal rights. This distinction opens the way for this possibility; if the dispute involves only financial matters, it can be brought to the ordinary courts for claims proceedings; on the other hand, under the influence of natural law, citizens who become “victims” of legitimate legal rights Request protection. This theory is laid down in Article 75 of the Prussian Basic Law of 1790: “... the state shall protect those who are compelled to sacrifice their special interests in the public interest.” It can be seen that neither the past nor the present Necessary, there are no liability limits here.