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脑瘫治疗的原则是抑制原始、异常的运动反射类型,促进正常神经运动功能。选择性脊神经后根切断术(Selective Posterior Rhizotomy,缩写为SPR),是近年来逐渐发展起来的一种新的神经显微外科技术,已被公认为是解除脑瘫痉挛和改善功能的有效手段,是脑瘫外科治疗方面一项令人瞩目的重要进展。1990年美国医学会组织由神经外科、矫形外科(骨科)、小儿神经科、理疗科和康复科等许多专科26人组成的专家委员会对SPR手术进行评估并表决,结果三分之二以上的专家认为其方法可行,并将其结果公布于美国医学会杂志(JAMA)上。 神经解剖学和神经生理学的研究表明,肌张力增高和痉挛是牵张反射过强的一种表现,其感受器都是肌梭。肌梭是感受机械牵拉刺激的特殊装置,形态如梭。肌梭的传入纤维有两类:1、快传纤维:直径较粗,属Ⅰα类纤维,进入脊髓后直接与支配本肌肉或协同肌的α神经元发生兴奋性突触联系。2、慢传纤维:直径
The principle of cerebral palsy treatment is to inhibit the original, abnormal type of motor reflex, promote normal motor function. Selective Posterior Rhizotomy (SPR) is a new neurosurgical microsurgery technique that has been gradually developed in recent years. It has been recognized as an effective means of relieving cerebral palsy and improving function An important and significant progress in the surgical treatment of cerebral palsy. In 1990, the American Medical Association organized an expert committee consisting of 26 specialists in neurosurgery, orthopedics (orthopedics), pediatric neurology, physiotherapy and rehabilitation and so on to evaluate and vote on SPR surgery. As a result, more than two thirds of the experts Think its method is feasible, and the results published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). Neurological anatomy and neurophysiological studies have shown that increased dystonia and spasticity is a manifestation of hyperextension hyperextension, the susceptor is the spindle. Muscle spindle is a special device to feel the mechanical pulling stimuli, such as shuttle shape. There are two kinds of afferent fibers in muscle spindle: 1, Fast-propagating fiber: Coarse diameter, which belongs to class Iα fiber, enters excitatory synaptic connection directly with α-neurons that control this muscle or synergistic muscle after entering the spinal cord. 2, slow transmission fiber: diameter