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十九世纪的欧洲语言学是以历史比较语言学为标志的。七十年代,以德国莱比锡为中心的青年语法学派兴起,把语言的历史比较研究推向新的高峰。当时的语言学界都沉浸在这一热潮中。但是其中也不乏出类拔萃之士,他们睿智的头脑,对过去和当时的语言研究工作进行了深刻的反思;他们敏锐的目光,在肯定历史比较语言学成就和长处的同时,也观察到它在理论和方法上的局限和缺陷;他们犀利的笔触,对一些陈旧的、公式化的观点提出了尖锐的批评,并提出了许多新的见解和术语。总之,
Nineteenth-century European linguistics is marked by historical comparative linguistics. In the seventies, the rise of the young grammar school centered in Leipzig, Germany, pushed the comparative study of language history to a new height. At that time, the linguistics community was immersed in this craze. However, there are also many outstanding people who, with their wise minds, profoundly reflect on past and present language studies. While keenly observing the achievements and strengths of linguistics in history, they also observed that in theory And methodological limitations and pitfalls; their sharp brushwork sharply criticized some of the old, formulated points of view and put forward many new ideas and terminology. In short,