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背景:研究显示运动员比非运动员表现出更好的平衡能力。然而,很少有研究调查运动员训练时脚下平面对保持平衡的影响。本研究选取两组采用不同项目进行平衡训练的运动员,分别为在稳定平面上训练的篮球运动员(SSA)和在不稳定平面上训练的冲浪运动员(USA),调查与非运动员相比,不同训练平面对运动员动态平衡的影响。方法:选取非运动员、SSA和USA运动员各8名进行5种情况下的20 s试验:包括静止状态和4个动态条件,即通过支撑面前后和左右两侧的变动,加正负反馈模式。指标包括:近似熵(Ap En)、前后和左右方向压力中心的均方根幅值(RMS)。采用3×5(组别×条件)重复测试方差分析观察不同组别和条件对各变量的影响。结果:相比SSA,USA组在前后方向上的Ap En值更小。而在内外方向的压力中心未发现二者之间存在明显区别。总体而言,负反馈条件比正反馈条件下的RMS值明显更大。结论:相比SSA,USA组表现出更独特的姿势控制策略。这些独特的策略似乎表现出特定的方向属性,并可能与不同的运动控制策略有关。
Background: Studies have shown that athletes show better balance than non-athletes. However, few studies have investigated the impact of the foot plane on balance during athlete training. In this study, we selected two groups of athletes who used different items for balance training. They were basketball player (SSA) training in stable plane and training athlete in unstable plane (USA). Compared with non-athletes, different training The Influence of Plane on the Dynamic Balance of Athletes. Methods: Eight non-athletes, SSA and USA athletes were selected and tested for 20 s under five conditions, including resting state and four dynamic conditions. The positive and negative feedback modes were added by the changes of the front and back and left and right sides of the support surface. Indicators include: approximate entropy (Ap En), root mean square amplitude (RMS) of pressure centers in the anteroposterior and lateral directions. A 3 × 5 (group × condition) repeated test analysis of variance was used to observe the influence of different groups and conditions on each variable. Results: The Ap En values in the fore and aft direction were lower in the USA group than in the SSA group. However, there is no obvious difference between the two in the pressure center inside and outside. Overall, the negative feedback condition is significantly larger than the RMS value under positive feedback conditions. Conclusion: USA group showed a more unique posture control strategy than SSA. These unique strategies appear to exhibit specific directional attributes and may relate to different motor control strategies.