1身体活动概论身体活动(physical activity,PA)是指由于骨骼肌收缩导致明显的能量消耗增加的各种身体活动,是与高血压、糖尿病、代谢综合征以及临床管理相关的生活方式~([1-2])。身体活动的益处是无可争论的。身体活动与心肺健康[冠状动脉性心脏病(冠心病)、心血管病、脑卒中和高血压的风险降低]直接相关,与身体活动较少的人群相比,积极进行身体活动的成年人具有较高的心肺功能和肌肉健康,更有利于预防心血管病和高 1 Introduction to Physical Activity Physical activity (PA) refers to a variety of physical activities that result in significant increases in energy expenditure due to skeletal muscle contraction and are life-styles associated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and clinical management. 1-2]). The benefits of physical activity are beyond dispute. Physical activity is directly linked to cardiorespiratory fitness [coronary heart disease (coronary heart disease), cardiovascular disease, stroke, and reduced risk of hypertension], and adults who are actively engaged in physical activity, as compared with those who have less physical activity, have High heart and lung function and muscle health, more conducive to the prevention of cardiovascular disease and high