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为了预防和缓解工业粉尘爆炸并研究惰性粉尘对粉尘爆炸的惰化作用,在Siwek 20 L球形爆炸装置内,针对高爆镁粉和高灰分煤粉,选用碳酸钙(CaCO3)、碳酸氢钠(NaHCO3)、碳酸氢钾(KHCO3)等3种碳酸盐作为惰化剂,讨论惰化剂浓度、粒径及点火能量对最大爆炸压力的影响。结果表明,惰化剂粒径越小,浓度越高,对粉尘爆炸的惰化作用越强;粉尘爆炸的净升压与点火能量无关,点火头主要起引燃作用;当惰化剂浓度递增至60%时以上,粉尘爆炸压力急剧下降,直至不爆。此外,CaCO3的抑制效果明显优于NaHCO3、KHCO3,故推荐采用CaCO3来控制粉尘爆炸风险。
In order to prevent and mitigate industrial dust explosions and study the inerting effect of inert dust on dust explosions, in the Siwek 20 L spherical explosive device, for high explosive magnesium powder and high ash coal powder, calcium carbonate (CaCO3), sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3) and potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3) as inerting agents to discuss the effect of inerting agent concentration, particle size and ignition energy on the maximum explosion pressure. The results show that the smaller the inerting agent particle size is, the higher the concentration is, the stronger the inerting effect is to the dust explosion. The net pressure rise of the dust explosion has nothing to do with the ignition energy, and the ignition head mainly ignites. When the inerting agent concentration increases To 60% above, the dust explosion pressure dropped sharply, until not burst. In addition, the inhibitory effect of CaCO3 is obviously better than NaHCO3, KHCO3, so CaCO3 is recommended to control the risk of dust explosion.