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该试验在中国科学院地理所禹城综合试验站进行,研究了底墒差异对夏玉米耗水特性及产量的影响。得出土壤体积含水率随深度的增加而逐渐趋向稳定,但底墒影响各层的水分含量和夏玉米的耗水深度。若夏玉米生育期间不进行补充灌溉且含水率小于27%时,夏玉米的主要供水层在60～90cm范围内,冬小麦生育期间不灌水的夏玉米开始利用深层水,底墒相对充足的夏玉米利用的深度可达1.1m土深。在冬小麦生育期间灌两水(120mm)条件下,对夏玉米进行补充灌溉可显著提高产量,但在冬小麦生育期间灌一水(60mm)条件下再进行补充灌溉,其增产作用不及充足的底墒水。冬小麦在抽穗和灌浆期灌溉120mm,夏玉米生育期间灌水150mm的处理夏玉米产量达7466.58kg/hm2。冬小麦在拔节—抽穗—灌浆期灌溉,夏玉米整个生育期都不灌溉的处理水分利用效率(WUE)为33.34kg/(hm2·mm)。
The experiment was conducted at the Yucheng Integrated Experiment Station, Institute of Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences to study the effects of different soil moisture before sowing on water consumption characteristics and yield of summer maize. The results showed that the moisture content of soil volume gradually stabilized with the increase of soil depth, but the soil moisture content affected the moisture content of each layer and the depth of water consumption of summer maize. If the summer maize irrigation period without supplementary irrigation and moisture content less than 27%, the main water supply layer of summer maize in the range of 60 ~ 90cm, winter maize irrigation during non-irrigation of summer maize began to use deep water, summer soil moisture is relatively adequate use of summer maize The depth of up to 1.1m deep soil. Supplementary irrigation of summer maize could significantly increase the yield of winter maize under irrigation with two water (120mm) during the growth of winter wheat. However, supplementary irrigation was conducted under the condition of irrigation with 60mm of water during the growth of winter wheat, . The yield of summer maize reached 7466.58kg / hm2 for winter wheat with irrigation of 120mm at heading and filling stage and irrigation of 150mm during the growth of summer maize. The water use efficiency (WUE) of winter wheat was 33.34kg / (hm2 · mm) at the jointing-heading-filling stage and no irrigation during the whole growing period of summer maize.