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本文主要分析宋元目録之著録,申述在朱熹生前乃至其身後一段時期内,在寫作和收藏中,均存在着《學》《庸》一組、《論》《孟》一組的著述傳統。《論》《孟》一組的著述傳統是《孟子》在目録學上超子升經的直接動力,“四書”觀念則是後來始漸次成熟並佔居主導的(最晚到明代)。朱熹《四書集注》早期的流行形態是《學庸章句或問》一組,《論孟集注》一組,因此明清關於《四書集注》依《學》《論》《孟》《庸》的次序編排的説法乃至做法,不符合宋元歷史。朱熹於臨漳所刊四書,或許是朱熹在寫書刻書中考慮四書整體次第的絶響,而宋人先《中庸》後《大學》的提法則緣於《禮記》篇第。
This article mainly analyzes the records of the Song and Yuan dynasties, and the author states that there existed the writing tradition of “Yong”, “Lun” and “Meng” in writing and collecting before and after Zhu Xi’s lifetime . The tradition of the writing of “Lun” and “Meng” is the direct driving force of “Mencius” in the bibliography, and the concept of “Four Books” later gradually matures and dominates (no later than the Ming Dynasty ). The early epidemic forms of Zhu Xi’s “Four Books Annotations” are a group of “Xuezui Chapters or Questions” and a group of “Notes on Mengzi”. Therefore, in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, “The order of arrangement and even practice, does not comply with the history of the Song and Yuan dynasties. Zhu Xi’s four books published in Linzhang may be Zhu Xi’s consideration of the overall succession of the four books in the book-writing process, while the formulation of the ”university“ after the Song Dynasty’s first ”Golden Mean“ is due to the article ”Book of Rites."