为了寻找适当的方法,使教学面向全体学生,使其中绝大部分学生每一学习单元的认知基础,都能逐步达到大纲所规定的学习水平,顺利地完成学科的学习任务,取得良好的成绩,我们设计了初中生物学单元教学目标(含单元目标检测题),并在许多中学进行实验。单元教学目标的设计和实验,参照了美国教育家布卢姆的“掌握学习”理论、“目标分类学”理论和“形成性评价”学说。现将动物学第三单元“文昌鱼”、“鲫鱼”的实验情况及结果介绍如 In order to find an appropriate way to make teaching accessible to all students so that the cognitive foundation of each unit of study among the vast majority of students can gradually achieve the level of learning prescribed by the Syllabus and successfully complete the academic study tasks and achieve good results , We designed a junior high school biology unit teaching goal (including unit target test questions) and conducted experiments in many secondary schools. Unit teaching objectives of the design and experiment, with reference to American educator Bloom’s “mastery learning” theory, “taxonomy” theory and “formative evaluation” theory. Now the zoology unit third “amphioxus”, “crucian carp” experimental conditions and results introduced