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作者回顾美国Maryland地区创伤中心对870例钝性腹部创伤施行剖腹术的经验。病例占5年来(1978～1982)收治总数的12.9％,平均年龄为29.8岁,男女之比为2.7:1。致伤的主要原因(89.5％)仍然是机动车,其余则由于工农业事故。30％肇事者的血乙醇达到阳性水平(0～100mg/dl)。手术发现,脾损伤最为常见,367例(42％)中有70例(8％)以其为唯一的损伤。肝损伤310例(35.6％),从轻微包膜撕裂至大片肝组织破裂,其中29例(9.4％)术中死亡。累及肝后腔静脉者皆致命。腹膜后血肿127例(14.6％)不包括腹膜后主要器官损伤者,很少需要切开。浆膜和肠系膜轻微损伤为腹腔内最常见的损伤,是酿成诊断性腹腔灌洗假阳性的原因。113例(13％)需
The authors review the experience of the Maryland Regional Trauma Center in 821 cases of laparotomy for laparotomy. Cases accounted for 5 years (1978 ~ 1982) admitted to the total number of 12.9%, the average age of 29.8 years, the ratio of men to women was 2.7: 1. The main causes of injuries (89.5%) are still motor vehicles and the rest are due to industrial and agricultural accidents. 30% of the perpetrators of blood alcohol reached a positive level (0 ~ 100mg / dl). Surgery found that the most common spleen injury, 367 (42%), 70 (8%) with its only injury. 310 cases (35.6%) of liver damage occurred from slight tearing of the capsule to rupture of large liver tissue, of which 29 cases (9.4%) died during operation. Involved in the hepatic vena cava are fatal. Retroperitoneal hematoma in 127 cases (14.6%) did not include the main retroperitoneal injury, rarely need to incision. Serosal and mesenteric lesions are the most common intraperitoneal lesions that contribute to the false positive results of diagnostic peritoneal lavage. 113 cases (13%) required