捐纳制度在中国源远流长,秦始皇四年(前218年)“十月庚寅,蝗虫从东方来,蔽天。天下疫。百姓内(纳)粟千石,拜爵一级。”汉文帝也曾允许人民缴粟赎罪或者赐予官爵, 后历代相沿。明中叶以后,国库日渐空虚,朝廷更是捐例频开。以往学者在研究捐纳时往往侧重于探讨捐纳与吏治败坏之间的关系,而忽视了捐纳给教育造成的恶劣影响。本文拟对明代捐纳与官学教育的衰败问题作一初步探讨,以求正于方家。 Donate system goes back to ancient times in China, Qin Shi Huang four years (before 218 years) "October Geng Yin, locusts from the east, cover days. People have also been allowed to pay their sins for redemption or to be given to the Grand Duke, and to be followed by each other. After the middle of Ming Dynasty, the state treasury became increasingly empty and the court donated more frequently. In the past, scholars often focused on the relationship between donation and official corruption while neglecting the bad influence of donation for education. This article intends to make a tentative study on the decay of government education in the Ming dynasty.