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目的了解贵阳市幼儿园儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)检出情况,为ADHD的早期发现、早期诊断及早期治疗提供参考依据。方法随机整群抽取贵阳市城区21个幼儿园的4 489名3~6岁儿童作为调查对象。采用美国精神疾病诊断和统计手册第4版ADHD诊断标准量表进行筛查。初筛为阳性的儿童,再由2名小儿神经专业的主治医师到幼儿园进行现场排查以确诊。结果贵阳市城区幼儿园儿童ADHD检出率为1.38%,男、女童检出率差异无统计学意义。4岁年龄组检出率最高,为2.05%。汉族儿童检出率为1.33%,少数民族检出率为1.55%。但各组别之间差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论贵阳市城区幼儿园3~6岁儿童ADHD的患病情况不容乐观,应予以高度关注。
Objective To understand the detection of ADHD in children in kindergarten in Guiyang and to provide a reference for the early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment of ADHD. Methods A total of 4 489 3-6-year-old children from 21 kindergartens in urban area of Guiyang City were randomly selected as the survey subjects. The American Psychiatric Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fourth Edition, ADHD Diagnostic Criteria Scale was used for screening. Primary screening for positive children, and then by two pediatric neurology attending physicians to the kindergarten on-site investigation to confirm the diagnosis. Results The prevalence of ADHD in children in kindergarten in Guiyang City was 1.38%. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of male and female children. The highest detection rate in the 4-year-old group was 2.05%. The detection rate of Han children is 1.33%, and the detection rate of minorities is 1.55%. However, there was no significant difference between the groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of ADHD in children aged 3 ~ 6 years in urban kindergarten in Guiyang is not optimistic and should be highly concerned.