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挑战之一,宏观经济的稳定,尤其是最近经济过热问题应引起严重关注。当前关键性的挑战是把政府已经采用的行政措施同更多以市场倾向的手段和改革相结合,以增强长期的稳定。挑战之二,国有企业的改革。10万个以上附属于国家机关的工厂企业要求补贴和贷款,是中国财经困难的一个主要原因。挑战之三,改善基础设施。扭曲的物价政策造成了基础设施投资的大大落后,而基础设施的落后又反过来造成公共财政紧张和无效益的消耗。中国人口以年增1500万人的速度增长,日益都市化和经济的迅速增长、现存的基础设施造成严重的压力——电
One of the challenges, the stability of the macro economy, and especially the recent overheating of the economy, should cause serious concern. The key challenge now is to combine the administrative measures already adopted by the government with more market-oriented instruments and reforms to enhance long-term stability. The second challenge is the reform of state-owned enterprises. More than 100,000 factories and enterprises affiliated with state agencies require subsidies and loans as one of the major causes of financial difficulties in China. The third challenge is to improve the infrastructure. Distorted prices have caused a substantial fall in infrastructure investment, and the backwardness of infrastructure has, in turn, caused the public financial strain and ineffective consumption. China’s population is growing at an annual rate of 15 million, increasing urbanization and rapid economic growth, creating serious pressure on the existing infrastructure.