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对“部门哲学”、“应用哲学”合法性的讨论,深刻反映了当代哲学发展所遭遇的困境及人们对如何走出这种困境所存在的分歧,并深刻关联对哲学的本性、哲学的存在与发展方式及哲学自身合法性的理解。哲学在本质上是一种问题哲学、语境哲学,“部门哲学”、“应用哲学”的问题性、语境性,决定了“部门哲学”、“应用哲学”作为哲学而存在的知识合法性。哲学在本质上是生活哲学、实践哲学,对哲学发展新对象、新视域、新线索的不断进入和开启,是“部门哲学”、“应用哲学”在方法论层面的合法性依据。跨界研究、在跨界中不断寻找和建构新的可能性知识、可能性世界是哲学的重要特点,“部门哲学”、“应用哲学”的知识合法性深寄于哲学与人类知识生产机制的“跨界”、“可能”本性。“小微化”、“日常化”是哲学发展的重要趋势,“城市哲学”等“部门哲学”、“应用哲学”之所以在批判和质疑中不断繁荣,其根本合法性依据正在于这种研究适应了社会发展的民主化、生活化趋势。在一定意义上,马克思、恩格斯本人就是进行“部门哲学”、“应用哲学”研究的杰出代表,所有的哲学家都是“部门哲学家”、“应用哲学家”。哲学民主和社会民主深层互动,哲学的非垄断化、生活化对推进社会民主具有重要意义。
The discussion of the legitimacy of “departmental philosophy ” and “application philosophy ” profoundly reflects the predicament encountered in the development of contemporary philosophy and the disagreements on how to get out of this predicament, and deeply correlates the nature of philosophy, The Existence and Development of Philosophy and the Comprehension of the Legitimacy of Philosophy. Philosophy is essentially a kind of problem philosophy, contextual philosophy, “departmental philosophy”, “application philosophy” problem and contextuality, which determine the “departmental philosophy”, “philosophy of application” Knowledge Legitimacy as Philosophy. Philosophy is essentially philosophy of life and practical philosophy, and its continuous entrance and opening up to new objects, new fields and new clues to the development of philosophy are the basis of legitimacy at the methodological level of “departmental philosophy” and “application philosophy” . Cross-border research, continuous search and construction of new possibilities in cross-border, the possibility of the world is an important feature of philosophy, “departmental philosophy ”, “application philosophy ” knowledge of the legitimacy of the deep sent to philosophy and human Knowledge production mechanism “transboundary ”, “possible ” nature. “Small ”, “” “Daily ” is an important trend of philosophy development, “urban philosophy ” and other “departmental philosophy ”, “application philosophy ” the reason why continue to flourish in criticism and questioning Its fundamental legitimacy is based on the fact that this research has adapted to the trend of democratization and living of social development. In a certain sense, Marx and Engels themselves are outstanding representatives who carry out researches on “departmental philosophy” and “applied philosophy”. All philosophers are “departmental philosophers”, “application philosophers” . The deep interaction between philosophical democracy and social democracy, the non-monopoly and philosophical philosophy are of great significance for promoting social democracy.