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由于设备性能的限制,民航飞机目前使用的机载防撞系统TCASⅡ不能适用于编队飞行防撞。为了解决飞机编队飞行防撞以及与民航飞机TCASⅡ兼容的问题,给出了一种基于二次雷达(SSR)和ADS-B混合监视的机载编队防撞系统的设计方案。该方案采用了TCAS主动监视和被动监视相结合的方法,利用唯一的24位S模式地址来识别和归类目标飞机,将TCAS的监视数据和ADS-B的监视数据进行数据融合来完成对目标飞机的监视和跟踪。通过将大型编队划分为多个编队单元的方法,由长机负责保持各个编队单元之间的安全间距。采用收发器将长机产生的位置保持和碰撞避免的操纵指令通过高频数据链路传送给各个编队单元,各个编队成员按照操纵指令调整自己飞机的位置,完成对整个编队的位置保持和碰撞避免的集中控制和分散执行。该方案可以为机载编队防撞系统的设计和实现提供参考和帮助。
Due to the limitations of equipment performance, TCASⅡ, the airborne collision avoidance system currently used by civil aviation aircraft, can not be applied to collision avoidance in formation flight. In order to solve the problem of collision avoidance of aircraft formation flight and the compatibility with civil aircraft TCASⅡ, a design scheme of aircraft formation collision avoidance system based on secondary radar (SSR) and ADS-B hybrid surveillance is presented. The program uses a combination of TCAS active surveillance and passive surveillance, using a unique 24-bit S-mode address to identify and classify the target aircraft, the TCAS surveillance data and ADS-B surveillance data fusion to complete the target Aircraft surveillance and tracking. By dividing a large fleet into multiple fleet units, it is the responsibility of the fleet to maintain the safety clearance between fleet units. The transceiver is used to transmit position control and collision avoidance commands generated by the long machine to each formation unit through a high frequency data link. Each formation member adjusts the position of its own aircraft according to the steering commands to complete the position keeping and collision avoidance of the entire formation Centralized control and decentralized implementation. The program can provide reference and help for the design and implementation of airborne collision avoidance system.