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为揭示种植富含硫氨基酸的转基因大豆对土壤生态系统的影响,在网室栽培条件下,测定了成熟期根际土的有机元素含量,并利用Biolog ECO/GN/GP/FF系统分析了种植转基因大豆(A组:受体为南农88-1,3个转基因株系为OE-8,OE-7和RNAi-3;B组:受体为N2899,3个转基因株系为Gagal 17-4,Gagal 21-8和Gagal 57)对土壤微生物活性和群落功能多样性的影响。结果表明:种植2组转基因大豆后土壤硫元素与各自受体相比均极显著下降(P<0.01),A组中3个转基因大豆株系的每孔颜色平均变化率(Average well color development,AWCD)表征的土壤微生物活性和McIntosh等多样性指数均低于对照,其中,3个转基因大豆株系根际土革兰氏阴性菌的AWCD值极显著低于对照(P<0.01),革兰氏阳性菌的AWCD值和McIntosh指数均显著低于对照(P<0.05);转基因品系OE-8根际土真菌的McIntosh指数也极显著低于对照(P<0.01)。B组中转基因品系Gaga1 17-4和Gaga1 21-8的革兰氏阳性菌AWCD值显著高于对照,而Gagal 57的革兰氏阳性菌AWCD值显著低于对照(P<0.05)。转基因大豆根际土壤微生物在Bi-olog生态板上与对照组相比没有显著差异。因此,试验所用转基因大豆能够显著影响土壤革兰氏阴性菌和阳性菌的活性以及革兰氏阳性菌与真菌的群落多样性,且这种影响与受体品种的基因型有关。
In order to reveal the effects of Soybean-rich genetically modified soybeans on soil ecosystem, the content of organic elements in the rhizosphere soil at maturity was determined under the greenhouse cultivation conditions and analyzed by Biolog ECO / GN / GP / FF system Transgenic soybeans (group A: recipient Nanan 88-1, 3 transgenic lines OE-8, OE-7 and RNAi-3; group B: recipient N2899 and 3 transgenic lines Gagal 17- 4, Gagal 21-8 and Gagal 57) on soil microbial activities and community functional diversity. The results showed that sulfur content in soil decreased significantly (P <0.01) compared with that of their respective recipients after planting two groups of transgenic soybeans. Average well color development of three transgenic soybean lines in group A (Average well color development, AWCD) and the McIntosh index were all lower than those of the control. The AWCD value of rhizosphere soil gram-negative bacteria in three transgenic soybean lines was significantly lower than that of the control (P <0.01) AWCD value and McIntosh index of the positive bacteria were significantly lower than those of the control (P <0.05). The McIntosh index of OE-8 rhizosphere soil in the transgenic line was also significantly lower than that of the control (P <0.01). The AWCD values of Gram-positive bacteria of Gaga1 17-4 and Gaga1 21-8 in transgenic group in group B were significantly higher than those in control group, while the AWCD value of gram-positive bacteria in group Gagal 57 was significantly lower than that in control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the Bi-olog eco-plate between the rhizosphere soil microbes of transgenic soybean and the control group. Therefore, the transgenic soybeans used in the experiment can significantly affect the activity of Gram-negative bacteria and positive bacteria in soil as well as the diversity of Gram-positive bacteria and fungi, and this effect is related to the genotype of the recipient variety.