当前社会频发的“闹大”现象需要得到理论的解释。引发“闹大”的原因很多,其中公民、政府及其官员的理性选择共同构成了“闹大”的生产逻辑。“闹大”不乏某些积极的社会价值,为解决某些长期而尖锐的矛盾冲突创造了契机,但也意味着巨大的成本和代价,并带来广泛的负面效应。治理“闹大”的关键是改变相关行动者的偏好、激励和选择。 The current social frequency of “big trouble” phenomenon needs to be theoretically explained. There are many reasons that lead to “big trouble.” Among them, the rational choice of citizens, governments and their officials together constitute the logic of production. There are certain positive social values ​​that make up for some long-term and sharp conflicts, but they also represent huge costs and costs, with a wide range of negative effects. The key to governance is to change the preferences, incentives, and choices of the actors involved.