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(接上期)16.阮(Ruan),弹拨弦鸣乐器,民族琉特类。其共鸣箱呈圆形,直颈,十二品位。它是秦汉时中国本土流传的一类琵琶。隋唐时被称为秦琵琶、汉琵琶、秦汉子。魏晋时,因“竹林七贤”之一的阮咸善弹此器,于是被称为阮咸,即后世的阮。东汉应劭《风俗通义·声音》:“批把,谨按此近世乐家所作,不知谁也。以手批把,因以为名。长三尺五寸,法天地人与五行,四弦象四时。”晋代傅玄《琵琶赋》序曰:“今观其器,中虚外实,天地象也;盘圆柄直,阴阳叙也;柱十有二,配律吕也;四弦,法四时也。”又唐代杜佑《通典·乐》:“今清乐秦琵琶,俗谓之秦汉子,圆体修颈而小,疑是弦鼗。”(图2-16)
(Last episode) 16. Ruan, musical instrument for plucking and snapping, ethnic Luotu. The resonance box was round, straight neck, twelve grade. It is a type of Chinese pipa that has been circulating in the Qin and Han dynasties. Sui and Tang dynasties are known as Qin Pipa, Han Pipa, Qin man. When Wei and Jin Dynasties, because of “bamboo seven sages,” one of Ruan Xian good bullet this device, so called Ruan salty, that is, later Nguyen. The Eastern Han Dynasty should be 劭 “Custom Tongyi sound”: “Lot, just according to the recent musicians do, I do not know who. String like four o’clock. ”Fu Xuan Jin Dynasty“ Pipa Fu ”preface: “ This view of the device, in the virtual reality, heaven and earth as well; round handle straight, yin and yang Syria also; Also; four strings, France four o’clock. ”And the Tang Dynasty Du Yu“ Tongdian music ”: “ Qing Qin Qin pipa, popular said Qin man, round neck repair small, suspect is chord. ” "(Figure 2-16)